How does solar power work?

Solar power works by converting sunlight directly into electricity, which we can use to power our homes and cities. But this amazing feat does not happen by magic. It takes a careful mix of chemistry, physics, engineering, manufacturing, electrical work and some good old-fashioned labor.

The process begins with the solar cell. This scientific creation is the base from which the solar panel is built. Solar cells contain one or more semiconductor materials that are able through their makeup and positioning to convert sunlight into electricity. Solar cells are then strung together in groups and encased in solar panels. These solar panels are shipped to your home, where they are mounted by qualified installers onto your rooftop or some other mounting system.

Once installed, those panels are wired together in series to form a solar array. The electrical current running through these wires must pass through an inverter, where the direct-current (DC) electricity created by the solar panels is converted to alternating-current (AC) that is usable in the home. Most solar systems are grid-tied, meaning that excess solar electricity is funneled back into the grid. Homeowners earn credits toward electricity used at night when the sun is down and the solar panels are inactive.