Liquid desiccant cooling is a new technology. Instead of using air passed over solid desiccants, as desiccant dehumidifiers do, a liquid system uses a water-lithium chloride solution as a sorption material. Solar thermal heat is used to drive the process.
A concentrated and cooled liquid desiccant flows into an absorber and down through a bed of tightly packed granules. At the same time air is sent up through that bed of granular particles where it meets the liquid, transferring both heat and moisture. The cooled air is sent into the home for cooling loads. The now-diluted liquid desiccant is exposed to a heat source -- solar thermal energy -- in a regenerator, where the water is again separated. The liquid desiccant is then fed back into the absorber to repeat the process.
Advantages of liquid desiccant cooling over solid desiccant cooling include higher dehumidification rates at similar temperatures and the potential of energy storage using a concentrated liquid solution.
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